Some translations are incredibly difficult. In many cases, it costs a significant amount more to translate certain languages than others. Similarly, when you translate from Japanese to English, it’s a notoriously challenging endeavour.
Japanese is the ninth most widely spoken language, with 130 million Japanese speakers around the world. So, wanted to target the Japanese market is a smart move. However, how you go about the English to Japanese translation can make all of the difference to successfully localize your content.
How does multimedia translation work?
Translation is no walk in the park. In fact, it’s a labour-intensive job, in which you have to keep the translation close to the original. As well as making the translation culturally relevant and accurate for the new target audience. Finding this balance is an art.
- Translation is NOT replacing text word-for-word.
- When translating and localizing content; cultural, religious and regional factors play a huge part in how the new audience will digest the translation.
Foreign-language translation is already complicated. So, when you add two totally different languages to the mix, it gets a little bit harder.
- For example, English to French (France) translation isn’t as complicated as translating Japanese to English.
Why is it harder to translate Japanese to English than other languages?
Japanese is a complex language. In fact, it uses a completely different alphabet. As well as different sentence structures, honorifics and grammar. So, it’s not surprising that it would take more time to accurately translate any media from English to Japanese.
The main differences between the English language and Japanese language:
- Grammar and structure
- The Alphabet
- Honorifics
- Context
Grammar and structure
English and Japanese do not share the same grammar. In fact, it is so different that a word-for-word translation would be unusable. The Japanese language has:
- No plural nouns. So, a singular noun would be used in the same way. The Japanese language relies on context to further explain more about the sentence.
For example: “There is a girl” and “There are many girls” are the same in Japanese.
- No future tense
- No definite or indefinite articles
- Pronouns aren’t common (I, you etc.).
- No Subjects
- Japanese sentence structure uses the verb at the end.
For example:
English: The cat is friendly
Japanese: The cat friendly is
The Japanese alphabet
Often, there are no direct translations for words. In fact, the Japanese alphabet is completely different as well. It consists of Japanese symbols/characters called kanji. Additionally, these ideograms can have various definitions, defined by placing a stoke within a character.
So, it is very difficult to translate Japanese to English without using a translator that has a strong understanding of both languages and alphabets.
Honorifics – formality
When speaking with different people in English, we do jump between formal and informal. For example, you wouldn’t speak to your best friend in the same way that you would speak to the CEO of a company you work for.
However, in Japanese society, there are many levels of showing respect through the language. Formality, by the use of honorifics, or keigo, in Japanese, marks the different social statuses and age. And, if translated incorrectly, can cause great offence. So, it’s necessary to hire a professional translator or localization company, that can accurately translate English to Japanese.
Context
There are many phrases and sentences in the Japanese language that contain a large amount of information. So, one sentence can tell you a lot about without using many words. This applies to age, social status, gender etc. This also applies to honorifics in the paragraph above.
For example, there are over 17 ways to say hello in Japanese! Here are a couple of variations of greetings:
“Hi” in Japanese – やあ！
“Hello” in Japanese – こんにちは (Konnichiwa)
“Good Morning” in Japanese – おはようございます (Ohayou gozaimasu)
“Good Evening” in Japanese – こんばんは (Konbanwa)
“Goodnight” in Japanese – おやすみなさい (Oyasumi nasai)
Can I use machine translation to translate Japanese to English?
Many try and use machine translation for the Japanese language. Unfortunately, it won’t produce an accurate enough translation. Additionally, it may alienate your target audience by doing so. No one likes a terrible translation. Not only does it show a lack of effort and professionalism, but it can also be offensive.
Of course, professional translation is more expensive than machine translation. However, the benefits of human translation make it a better option. Especially when working with more complicated foreign-language translations.
